Firearm.



l No. 634,034. Patented Oct. 3, |899.

A. W. SAVAGE.

FIREARM. (Applicgcion ,med Apr. 21, 1897.) (No Model.)

WZTNEE. INVENToz JITTUNE;

ARTHUR. W.. SAVAGE, on Ur1eA,Nn\v

MENTS, TQ THE SAVAGE ARMS COMPANY, OF

ATENT Yoan, AssIeNoB., nv Mnsnn nestensAMn PLACE.

FIREARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 634,034, dated October3, 1899.

Application filed April 21, 18S-7.

serrano. 633,123. (Numan.)

To'dll whom] it 17m/y concern:

Beit known that I, ARTHUR W. SAVAGE, of Utica, in the county of Oneidaand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful'Improvements in Firearmsg'and Ido hereby.de`clare` that'the followingis a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tornake and usethe same, io reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form part ofthis specification: Y L

The main object of my present invention is to provide a hammer-indicatorfor a hanr. merless iirearm", which indicator has sundry Vadvantages inoperation andeonstruction, as hereinafte'rfmore particularly set out,and hammer-operating-mechanism, also hereinafzo ter set forth.

Fig'ure 1 shou'stlongitndinal section of the mechanical parts of amagazine-firearm elnb'odying my present improvements with the parts inopen position. Fig. 2 shows a partial z 5 longitudinal section showingthe breech-bolt closed and the iiring-pin or hammer cocked. Fig. 3 showsthe same as Fig. 2 after 1t/he trigger has been pulled and thetiring-pin or hannner is operated. Fig. l showsa partial section goinconnection with a portion oflthe frame,

showing the hammer I retractcd by the retraetor. Fig. 5' shows a top' orplan view of a portion'of the breech-bolt. Fig. li'shows al perspectiveview of the frontend or tip of the hammer or firing-pin. Fig. 7 shows aretractor and its spring removed from the other- .parts and on a sideelevation. Fig, 8 shows a plan view of the same.- Referring to the`reference letters and iigo nrcs in a more particular description of thedevice,1 indicates the barrel; 2,the fgorc-stockg :3, the butt-stock,and i the frame. Thebutt stock is secured to the frame by the screw 5entering the rear end of the lowertangof the frame. The breech-bolt (iis provided with a wing-like projection 6, having a cani-groove, theposition and Aiforin of which are shown' in dotted lines at 6" in Figs.3 and 3,"and is operated bya linger-lever 7, pivotod to the frame gageswith the wing portion of the breechbolt by a stud on the end of the arm7 n, which is received in the cam-groove. The breeeh bolt 6 receives ina cylindrical opening in its body the hammer or ring-pin, consisting ot'55 a spindle or shaft 9 anda head 9, having a point or tip 9", adaptedto be projected through an aperture in thevfront end ot' the breech-holtand strike the'cartridge-primer. Therear endet' thehammer is providedwith 6o.

hook or L-shaped-extension 9c, which is adapted to engage with the scar10. The firing-pin or hammeris' seeured'in the breechbolt by a bushing11 at'the rear end of' the breech-bolt, and on the-spindle of thefiringpin are provided a coiled spring -12 and a washer 13. -Thehead ofthe .firing-pin is providedvvith a shoulder a, adapted to engage withthe downwardlyextending projection pin vis cocked and in -the positionshown .in Fig. 2. J The indicator letis-l'eeeived-in a recess in the topof the breech-bolt and is secured by across-pini5,-onwhich'it ispivoted,

so as to have a limited swinging movement. The washer 13 is also adaptedto engage with the downwardly-extending projection 14 of the indicator14. The searlO is pivoted ona cross-pin 'li-, extending transverselyacross the frame of the gun, and is operated by a 8o trigger 17, pivotedin the frame at 18 and acted upon by a tiiigger-spring 19, secured tothe lower tang ofthe frame at 20.

. On the wing portion of the breech-bolt is pivoted at 21 the retractor22, which is forked 8 5 at its frontend. to adapt it to engage on thecross-pin 16 in thev frame and is extended at its rear end'to adapt itto engage with the hooked portion 9c of the hammer or iiring-pin,

or, more particularly, the rear end of the re- 9o tractor engages on thecam 1),-formed in the front sido of this iiringfpin extensionat certaintimes and at other times-in the rounded notch c, formed in the lower endof this same tiring-pin' extension.- The U-shaped spring 95 223 issecured to the retractor by havingjts bent end engaged in a notch in theupper-side, and vthis spring operates the retractor by engagingon theunder side of the breech-bolt.

5o at S and having a curved arm 7, which en- Oartridgcs in the magazineare indicated zoo of thefindicator 1 4 when the hammer or firing- 7omediately vmovement ot the breechby A; but as the magazine mechanism isnot involved in the present improvements detailed description andillustration are omitted.

The operation` of the device as to the firingpin indicator is asfollows: YVhen the breechbolt is closed from the position shown in Fig.l (Where, the body of the breech-bolt lies irnunder the upper tang 4*"Lof the frame) toward the position as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the hookedposition 9C of the ringpin or hammer is caught by the shoulder 10a onthe seart'he sear being held in position to engage it by reason ofthespring 19 operating on the trigger 17. The firing-pin is thus held backWhile the forward and breeehingup bolt is completed spring is compressedbetween the head 9a and washer13 on the front end of the firing-pin anda bushing 1l at the rear end of the breech -bolt. .When this movement iscompleted, the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2. 'When thehammer .is drawn back with reference to the breech-bolt in the movementivhich is described, the shoulder d on the front end of the ham merengages with the projection 14a of the indicator and eauses'it' to swingon its' pivot into the position shown in Fig. 2, where its rear endprojects above the general surface of the top of thebreechbolt, where itcan be readily observed or felt. When the trigger' is pulled and thesear re` leases the firing-pin or hammer, itis projected forward by theoperation of the spring 12, and the point or tip- 9b strikes the primerand explodes the cartridge at the salme time the` Washer 13 enga-geswith the projection 14a and forces the indicator into the closedpositionshown in Fig. 3. The Washer 13 fits loosely 011 the spindle ofthe hammer or iiring-pin, as will be lnoted by an examination of thedrawingspand in ease the firing-pin is not heldbach, either by theprimeror something else, so as to take its complete forward position,las the same is shown in Fig. 3, the Washer 13 Will be held back slightlyat its upper side by the projection on the indicator, While the lowerside of thewasher may follow1 the headrof the firing-pin. In case thefiringpin is held back or after its blow is forced back in a slightdegree by the primer orfrom any other cause the Washer 13 will stillengage with the projection of the indicator and hold it in closedposition.

In order to enable the liring-pin to be reand 'the ned, as shown at d,so'ihat when the bushing 11 is unfastened and the firing-pin, with itsspring and head, is drawn back until the shoulder a strikes on theindicator projection it may then be given a partial rotation to bringthe flat portion CZ on the upper side, when the firingpin may becompletely withdrawm the vfia-t portion (Z affording no point ofengagement With the projection on ihe indicator. The ringnin may bereplaced by performing operations in the reverse order.

moved Without removing the indicator 14 the lfront end` of the head 9 isilatte The object of the ret-ractor 22 draw the point 9 of theiiring`pinfrom projecting at the front end of the breeph-bolt after the firing-pinhas operated land so asnot to-interfere with the movement of thecartridges from the magazine or in loading the gun and so as to avoidany danger of premature explosion', by reason of the firing-pin engagingwith the primer of a loaded cartridge. Starting with the parts in theposition in which the)T are shown in Fig..3, immediately after the shothas been discharged the first movement of the breech-bolt is downward todisengage the shoulder S on the rear of the breech-bolt from theshoulderS'on the frame. In making this movement the retractor 22 is rocked fromthe position shown in Fig. 3 to the position shown in Fig. 4 by reasonof the forked end of the retractor engaging with the cross-pin 16, whichis stationary. As the retractor 22 makes this movement the'rear endoperates on the cam b, retraeting the ,ringpin slightly from theposition shown in Fig. 3 to that shown in Fig. 4, andthe retractornallycomes to rest, ivith the end engaging in the notch c. Thebreech-bolt then cornpletes its movement, sliding under the upper tang 4of the frame; as illustrated in Fig. 1. As the breech-'bolt is closedagain just before the completion of its vmovement the forked end of theretractor -22, then being in the position shown in Fig. 4, engages withthe 'cross pin 16, and as the rear end of the breech-bolt finally risesin completingits movement and the vretractor is swung from the positionshown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig. 2, where it is ont of the way ofthe firing-pin when the trigger is pulled. It Will be noted that in theclosing movement of the breech-bolt there is an interval of timeWhen'the rear end of the retractor is not engaged with the notch c inthe end o'f the hammer and when the forked endis notengaged with thecross-pin 1.6. The main office of the spring 23 is to prevent at suchtimev the front or forked end of the retractor (which is heavier thanthe rear end) from dropping down into a position to not engage With thecross-pin. At other times than during such interval the retractor isheld is to'with- IOO either by the cross-pin 16 or the notch c. The

spring 23 is also useful in causing the retractor 22 to assume itsproper position when the parts are being assembled and the bolt isWithdrawn from the frame.

A friction device which would prevent the accidental movement of thereti-actor 22, eX- cept when it is movedin the opening or closing of thebolt by reason of the forked end engaging with the cr0ss-pin 1(3,Wouldanswer substantially all the useful purposes ot' the spring 23.

If through any-*defect of parts or rusting or binding the indicator l14fails to operate and close when the gun istired, the same will be rubbeddown and forced into the closed position as it passes under the shoulderS and the tang 4a. The indicator 14 is prevented from opening too far byreason of thc front end cngaging with the breech-bolt at the front ondof the recess which contains the indicator, as shown particularly inFig. 2, Fig. 3 showing the slight clearance which allows the necessaryswingingl movement of the indicator, The rear end of the indicator ispreferably made on an incline,affordin g a shoulder which wilf limit its.movement in closing.

lWhat I claim as new, and desire to seciire by Letters Patent, is v 1.The combination with a breech-bolt, of a firing-pin or hammer mountedtherein, and

' having a fixed shoulder and a yielding shoulder, of a pivotedindicator received in a recess in the side of the bolt, and havingaportion in the path of movement of the shoulders on the firing-pin, vanda portion arranged to be projected beypnd the face of the bolt, subzostantially asset forth. i

2. The combination` of a reciprocating breech-bolt-and firing-pinreceived in a recess thereim and having a 'flied shoulder a, aring 13mounted on the iiring-pin,aspring 12 and. z5 anindicator 14 received ina recess in the side of the bolt, and having a portion engaging with theshoulder d and ring 13, and a portion adapted to be projected beyond theside lof the bolt, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination in a firearm, of the breech-bolt constructed andarranged to drop at its rear end and retire, ahammer or firingpincarried by the breech-bolt, a hammer-retractcr pivoted on thebreech-boit at its rear 5 end and arranged to operate onl the hammer anda fixed portion of the rearm with which the retractor engages wherebythe retract-or is operated, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with a firearm, of a 4o breech-bolt, a firing-pin andretractor pivoted 5o the breech-bolt and having a portion engag- 'on thebreech-bolt and operatin g on the firingpin, and having a fork and afixed portion of -the said rearm with which said forkl engages,substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with a firearm having a fixed part, of a breech-boltarranged to drop 'at its rear end and retire, a firing-pin or hamf mermounted in the breech-bolt and having a cam-surface thereon, aretractorpivoted in ingl with the cam-surface on the hammer, and aportiondetachably engaging withthe fixed part of the firearm, substantially asset forth.

G. The combination with a firearm having 5 5 a fixed part, of abreech-bolt arranged to drop at its rear end and retire, of a firing-pinor hammer mounted in the bolt, a hammer-retractor mounted in the boltand engaging with the hammer, and detachably engaging with a 6o fixedportion of the firearm whereby the re# tractor is operated by thedropping ofitlie rear cud of the bolt, substantially afs setforth.

7. The combination with a firearm, of a breech-bolt arranged to dropat'its rear end and retire, a hammer mounted in the breechbolt, andhaving a cam-surface Z), a notch c, and a retractor 22, pivotedsubstantially at its middle onv the breech-bolt, and having a portionengaging with the cam-snrfaceb, ay

fixed pin inthe frame, and a forked portion engaging with said xed pin,substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a breech-bolt having a iringpin recess, anindicator projectingin. the said recess,a tiring-pin having shouldersarranged to engage the indicatorand moving it both ways, substantiallyas set forth.

9. The combination of abreechbolt having a firing-pin recess,anindicator projecting into said recess, a reciprocating firing-pin orhammerhaving a shoulder for engaging and operating the indicator and cutaway permitting the firing-pin or hammer to be turned to disengage theshoulder and permit the firingpn to be removed, substantially as setforth.

10. -The combination of a breech-bolt hav- 1n g a liring-pinrecess andan indicator-recess communicating with the firing-pin recess, anindicator projecting into the 'firing-pin recess, and a firing-pin orhammer operating along its recess across the intercommunicat-in gopening between the tjvo recesses, and not leaving it in eitherdirection, and engaging with the indicator, substantiall'yas set forth.

11. The combination of a breechboltl1av ing a firing-pin recess, an pindicator-recess communicating with the firing-pin recess, lan indicatorprojecting`into the firing-pin recess and the reciprocating firing-pinor hammer arranged at said intercommunic'ating open.- ing, and ot' alength so as not. to leave it in the reciprocating movements andengagingwith the indicator, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination ofa breech-bolt-having va firing-pin recess and anindicator-'recesscommunicating with the firing-pin recess, van indicatorprojecting intov the firing-pin re. cess, a firing-pin or hammer locatedin, and reciprocally movable ini` its recess at the in'-tercommunicating openingbetween said two recesses and not leavingit ineither direction and engaging with the indicator, and means foroperating the firing-pin or hammer, substantially as set forth.

IOU

